Tag: cloud

I wanted to play with a VXLAN mesh between VMs on more than one hypervisor node, but the setup for VXLAN ended up being a separate post because it was a bit long. Read that post first if you want to follow the instructions here.

Now that we have a working VXLAN mesh between our two nodes we can move on to installing libvirt (which is called libvirt-daemon-system on Debian, not libvirt-bin as on Ubuntu):

sudo apt-get install -y qemu-kvm libvirt-daemon-system
sudo virsh net-start default
sudo virsh net-autostart --network default

I’m going to use a little python helper to launch my VMs, so I need some other dependancies as well:

sudo apt-get install -y python3-pip pkg-config libvirt-dev git

git clone https://github.com/mikalstill/shakenfist
cd shakenfist
git checkout 6bfac153d249752b27d224ad9d079095b640498e

sudo mkdir /srv/shakenfist
sudo cp template.debian.xml /srv/shakenfist/template.xml
sudo pip3 install -r requirements.txt

Let’s launch a quick test VM to make sure the helper works:

sudo python3 daemon.py
sudo virsh list

You can destroy that VM for now, it was just testing the install.

sudo virsh destroy ...name...

Next we need to tweak the template that shakenfist is using to start instances so that it uses the bridge for networking (that template is the one you copied to /srv/shakenfist/template.xml earlier). Replace the interface section in the template with this on both nodes:

<interface type='bridge'>
  <mac address={{eth0_mac}}/>
  <source bridge='br-vxlan0'/>
  <model type='virtio'/>
  <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
</interface>

I know the bridge mentioned here doesn’t exist yet, but we’ll deal with that in a second. Before we start VMs though, we need a way of getting IP addresses to them. shakenfist can configure interfaces using config drive, but I’d prefer to use DHCP because who doesn’t love some additional complexity?

On one of the nodes install docker:

sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg2 software-properties-common
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

Now we can setup DHCP. Create a place for the configuration file:

sudo mkdir /srv/shakenfist/dhcp

And then create the configuration file at /srv/shakenfist/dhcp/dhcpd.conf with contents like this:

default-lease-time 3600;
max-lease-time 7200;
option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;
authoritative;

subnet 192.168.200.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  option routers 192.168.1.1;
  option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;

  pool {
    range 192.168.200.10 192.168.200.254;
  }
}

Before we can start dhcpd, we need to move the VXLAN device into a bridge so we can add a device for the DHCP server to it. First off remove the vxlan0 device from the last post:

sudo ip link set down dev vxlan0
sudo ip link del vxlan0

And now recreate it with a bridge:

sudo ip link add vxlan0 type vxlan id 42 dev eth0 dstport 0
sudo bridge fdb append to 00:00:00:00:00:00 dst 34.70.161.180 dev vxlan0
sudo ip link add br-vxlan0 type bridge
sudo ip link set vxlan0 master br-vxlan0
sudo ip link set vxlan0 up
sudo ip link set br-vxlan0 up
sudo ip link add dhcp-vxlan0 type veth peer name dhcp-vxlan0p
sudo ip link set dhcp-vxlan0p master br-vxlan0
sudo ip link set dhcp-vxlan0 up
sudo ip link set dhcp-vxlan0p up
sudo ip addr add 192.168.200.1/24 dev dhcp-vxlan0

This block of commands:

• recreated the vxlan0 interface
• added it to the mesh with the other node again
• created a bridge named br-vxlan0
• moved the vxlan0 interface into it
• created a veth pair called dhcp-vxlan0 and dhcp-vlan0p
• moved the peer part of that veth pair into the bridge
• and then configured an IP on the external half of the veth pair

To make the bridge survive reboots you would need to add it to either /etc/network/interfaces or /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yml depending on your distribution, but that’s outside the scope of this post.

You should be able to ping again. From the other node give it a try:

$ ping 192.168.200.1
PING 192.168.200.1 (192.168.200.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.200.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=19.3 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.200.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.571 ms

We need to do something similar on the other node so it can run VMs as well. It is a tiny bit simpler because there wont be any DHCP there however, and remembering that you need to change 35.223.115.132 to the IP of your first node:

sudo ip link set down dev vxlan0
sudo ip link del vxlan0

sudo ip link add vxlan0 type vxlan id 42 dev eth0 dstport 0
sudo  bridge fdb append to 00:00:00:00:00:00 dst 35.223.115.132 dev vxlan0
sudo ip link add br-vxlan0 type bridge
sudo ip link set vxlan0 master br-vxlan0
sudo ip link set vxlan0 up
sudo ip link set br-vxlan0 up

Note that now we can’t do a ping test because the second VM no longer consumes an IP for the base OS.

Now we can start the docker container with dhcpd listening on dhcp-vxlan0:

sudo docker run -it --rm --init --net host -v /srv/shakenfist/dhcp:/data networkboot/dhcpd dhcp-vxlan0

This runs dhcpd interactively so we can see what happens. Now try starting a VM on the other node:

sudo python3 daemon.py

You can watch the VM booting using the “virsh console” command with the name of the vm from “virsh list“. The dhcpd process should show you something like this:

sudo docker run -it --rm --init --net host -v /srv/shakenfist/dhcp:/data networkboot/dhcpd dhcp-vxlan0
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server 4.3.5
Copyright 2004-2016 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Config file: /data/dhcpd.conf
Database file: /data/dhcpd.leases
PID file: /var/run/dhcpd.pid
Wrote 0 leases to leases file.
Listening on LPF/dhcp-vxlan0/06:ff:bc:7d:11:e3/192.168.200.0/24
Sending on   LPF/dhcp-vxlan0/06:ff:bc:7d:11:e3/192.168.200.0/24
Sending on   Socket/fallback/fallback-net
Server starting service.
DHCPDISCOVER from ee:95:4d:40:ca:a6 via dhcp-vxlan0
DHCPOFFER on 192.168.200.10 to ee:95:4d:40:ca:a6 (foo) via dhcp-vxlan0
DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.200.10 (192.168.200.1) from ee:95:4d:40:ca:a6 (foo) via dhcp-vxlan0
DHCPACK on 192.168.200.10 to ee:95:4d:40:ca:a6 (foo) via dhcp-vxlan0

You can see here that our new VM got the IP 192.168.200.10 from the DHCP server! It is moments like this when you don’t realise that this blog post took me hours to write that I feel really smart.

If we started a VM on the first node (the same command as for the second node), we’d now have two VMs on a virtual network which had working DHCP and could ping each other. I think that’s enough for one evening.